The thermal springs of Kallithea have been known since antiquity for their healing waters. In 1927, upon the initiative of the Italian commander of the Dodecanese islands, Mario Lago started a systematic study of the waters of Kallithea, as well as the construction of its facilities.
The project was awarded to the architect Petrio Lombardy and the designs were considered among the best architectural compositions of that era. The Kallithea Springs were very popular and remained in operation until 1967.